包裹看护：门廊事件触发 40 秒片段，不做连续录制
门廊摄像头仅在信箱或门廊门磁开启时录制，生成 40 秒片段（含 10 秒预录），并向家人推送一张静帧。无事件期间摄像头处于低功耗状态，没有视频流，也没有云端会话。
自动化 YAML
safety-package-mailbox-watch.yaml
# HearthNodes recipe 27 - package watch
alias: "Safety - porch event records 40 seconds"
id: hn_safety_package_watch
description: "Mailbox or porch event -> 40 s clip with 10 s pre-roll, still pushed"
mode: queued
max_exceeded: 3
trigger:
- platform: state
entity_id: binary_sensor.mailbox_contact
to: "on"
id: mailbox
- platform: state
entity_id: binary_sensor.porch_presence
to: "on"
for: "00:00:02"
id: porch_person
variables:
camera: camera.porch
clip_seconds: 40
pre_roll_seconds: 10
nvr: sensor.nvr_free_space_gb
condition:
- condition: numeric_state
entity_id: sensor.nvr_free_space_gb
above: 5
- condition: state
entity_id: binary_sensor.porch_recording
state: "off"
- condition: state
entity_id: input_boolean.delivery_mode
state: "off"
action:
- service: camera.record
target:
entity_id: "{{ camera }}"
data:
duration: "{{ clip_seconds }}"
lookback: "{{ pre_roll_seconds }}"
filename: "/media/porch/{{ now().strftime('%Y%m%d-%H%M%S') }}.mp4"
- service: camera.snapshot
target:
entity_id: "{{ camera }}"
data:
filename: "/media/porch/last_event.jpg"
- service: notify.mobile_app_primary
data:
title: "Porch event"
message: "{{ trigger.id }} - still attached, clip on the local recorder"
data:
image: "/media/local/porch/last_event.jpg"
- service: light.turn_on
target:
entity_id: light.porch
data:
brightness_pct: 60
- delay: "00:04:00"
- service: light.turn_off
target:
entity_id: light.porch
- service: input_boolean.turn_on
target:
entity_id: input_boolean.package_waiting
# The camera is event-recorded, never continuous, and the recorder has a 14 day
# retention with no outbound route. Disk full or recorder unreachable -> recording
# is skipped rather than silently becoming a cloud subscription.
触发器 · state
binary_sensor.mailbox_contact · binary_sensor.porch_presence
信箱门磁开启，或门廊存在检测检测到有人持续 2 秒以上。
分步说明
- camera.porch录制 40 秒片段，并从摄像头的环形缓冲中取 10 秒预录，让片段从事件之前而不是之后开始。
record · 40 s · pre-roll 10 s - notify.mobile_app只推送一张静帧而不是整段片段；一张静帧足以决定是否需要打开完整录像。
send · still image + 'porch event' - light.porch门廊灯亮 60 % 持续 4 分钟，让片段可用，也让人能从窗口看到投递。
on 60 % for 4 min - input_boolean.package_waiting设置「有包裹待取」布尔量供家人查看，并在当天结束时自动清除。
on · cleared by someone leaving and returning, or at 22:00
一定要有预录
从触发点开始的片段会错过走上小径的人，往往也错过放下包裹的那只手。从环形缓冲取 10 秒预录，是「有用片段」与「一段空门廊」之间的差别。只有带缓冲的 PoE 或市电摄像头能做到。
按事件录制，不要连续录制
对公共人行道的连续录制会整天记录邻居的活动并保存下来，这既是隐私问题也是存储问题。以信箱门磁为主触发的事件录制，抓到的就是包裹，几乎别无其他。
推送静帧，而不是片段
推送 40 秒视频在手机上不方便看，而且在移动网络下经常失败。静帧能可靠送达，并回答了那一刻唯一重要的问题：台阶上有包裹吗？想看完整片段时它就在那里。
硬件
| 型号 | 协议 | 连接 | 在本链路中的作用 |
|---|---|---|---|
| PoE porch camera with a local ring buffer | wifi |
有线 | PoE 供电与传输；电池摄像头无法提供 10 秒预录。 |
| Mailbox contact sensor | zigbee |
无线 | 可用的最可靠投递信号；信箱盖开启比仅靠动作检测作为触发要准确得多。 |
| Local NVR on an isolated VLAN | wifi |
有线 | 保存片段并保留 14 天；不上传任何内容，录像机没有外网出口路由。 |
失效时怎么办
如果本地录像机已满或不可达，录制直接跳过，而不是回退到云存储——磁盘满不该悄悄地变成一份订阅。如果信箱门磁失效，门廊存在传感器仍会触发录制，只是事件前窗口略短，同时发出维护通知点名失效的门磁。
